It’s been nearly a week since the Trump administration sent an export control directive to Anthropic, forcing one of the world’s leading AI labs to pull its most advanced models offline. After days of negotiations between Anthropic and the White House, the two still remain at odds about how to bring Claude Mythos and Fable 5 back. Why? Well, it depends whom you ask.
Throughout this entire debacle, Anthropic doesn’t believe it violated any concrete procedures or rules laid out by the Trump administration, according to a person close to the company. But the White House contends that Anthropic behaved recklessly, demonstrating that it can’t be trusted to safely roll out frontier technology.
This saga proved to me that we’re now officially in the Wild West era of American AI regulation. While there are few laws on the books governing frontier AI development, that doesn’t mean companies won’t end up in trouble with Trump’s White House when they cross unspoken lines.
“The problem here is that the White House has been in this extreme anti-regulatory posture, and they’re now faced with the real AI capabilities that people have been predicting for many years,” says a former White House technology official, who asked to remain anonymous to avoid jeopardizing their professional relationships. “There should have been preparation and policies to systematically deal with this, managing the benefits and risks, but instead it’s just this slap-dash approach that puts the AI industry in a real quandary.”
The Trump administration has repeatedly blocked efforts to impose guardrails on the AI industry, often arguing the rules could hamper US innovation and lead the country to fall behind rivals like China. Since he returned to the White House, President Trump has signed executive orders that reversed a Biden-era effort to create a national AI framework and created a federal task force to challenge state laws that could be deemed onerous.
While WIRED and other publications have made details of the negotiations between Anthropic and the White House public over the last week, the dispute is still defined by its opaqueness. At no point has the US government clearly stated what Anthropic did wrong—the best we have is a post on X outlining the general situation from White House technology adviser David Sacks.
Ironically, the White House’s actions have likely hampered the very kind of innovation it wants to protect. The Trump administration demanded that Anthropic prohibit all foreign nationals from accessing Mythos and Fable 5, preventing many of the AI lab’s own employees from accessing its most cutting-edge models, which the company says have sped up its research and development in recent months. All of Anthropic’s customers are locked out, too, including Apple, Meta, and much of the Fortune 500.
The White House may have had legitimate reasons to be concerned about Anthropic’s models. As my colleagues and I reported on Wednesday, US officials grew concerned when they learned earlier this month that Anthropic shared Mythos with SK Telecom, a South Korean telecom giant they allege has ties to China. Separately, Amazon CEO Andy Jassy raised concerns to US Treasury secretary Scott Bessent that some of the guardrails on Claude Fable 5, a safeguarded version of Mythos, could be circumvented.
Even if these worries are legitimate, that doesn’t mean the White House handled them adequately. In the first case, Anthropic says it coordinated with the US government on the rollout of Mythos, suggesting there may have been a chance for officials to raise alarm about SK Telecom ahead of time. Anthropic has also been working with the Korean company for years, and the arrangement seemingly never caused it to run into national security problems before. And when the White House raised concerns about SK Telecom to Anthropic, it revoked access to the model immediately, we reported.
